Pentaptera arjuna Roxb. ex DC.

A large tree, usually up to 30 m tall, but sometimes up to 60 m, with a trunk diameter up to 2(-2.5) m; bole with buttresses; outer bark flaking off in pieces, inner bark whitish, exuding red resin, bark surface smooth." Leaves oblong to ovate-oblong, 8-15 cm x 4.5-9 cm, usually obliquely subcordate at base, glabrescent, with 15-25 pairs of secondary veins, petiole 0.5-1.5 cm long. Flowers in an axillary or terminal panicle 2.5-6 cm long, calyx tube glabrous outside. Fruit broadly ellipsoid, truncate at the top, 3.5-5 cm x 2.5-3.2 cm, glabrous, with 5 leathery wings.

This species grows naturally on banks of streams and rivers in central India, and cultivated in Java at lower altitudes.

Seed of T. arjuna can be stored under ambient conditions for as long as 3 years.

Shade or shelter: T. arjuna is planted as a shade tree, especially in coffee plantations. Ornamental: The tree is also planted as an ornamental.

Tannin or dyestuff: In India the bark is locally used for tanning hides into leather. Timber: T. arjuna is an important source of timber in India and has potential elsewhere in the South-East Asia region; the wood is used as terminalia for the construction of carts and boats, for general construction, agricultural implements and mine props. Medicine: The bark is used medicinally as a tonic. Gum or resin: The transparent gum is used as a drug in India.